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81.
基于城市流理论,依据城市流强度分析方法,对兰州-西宁-银川城市带各城市的区位熵、外向功能量、城市流强度及其结构进行了测算与分析。结果表明:兰州的城市流强度远高于其他城市,是该城市带的集聚辐射中心;城市总体经济实力与城市流倾向度的相对比例关系不够协调,除兰州外,均表现出城市流倾向度高于城市总体经济实力的特点;城市总体经济... 相似文献
82.
对松嫩平原羊草不同生育时期根际解磷细菌的数量和解磷强度的动态变化进行了研究。研究发现,羊草不同生育时期根际和非根际解磷细菌数量均呈现单峰曲线的变化趋势,并在果后营养期达最高峰;无论是无机磷细菌还是有机磷细菌,均呈现明显的根际效应;有机磷细菌数量都比无机磷细菌要多;羊草不同生育时期解磷细菌的解磷强度也呈现单峰曲线的变化趋势,除果后营养期之外,其他各时期无机磷细菌的解磷强度都高于有机磷细菌。 相似文献
83.
西安城市热岛的时空分布特征 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
选取1959-2008年西安市常规气象站和城区加密自动站逐小时气温资料,采用城、郊气温对比法研究西安城市热岛效应的时间变化和空间分布。结果表明:西安城市热岛效应逐年增加,具有明显的季节变化特征;热岛强度日变化呈现双峰分布,两个峰值分别出现在05时和21时左右,最低值出现在11时左右。在西安市城区一直存在一个强城市强热岛... 相似文献
84.
Species diversity and stability of natural secondary communities in different layers with different cutting intensities 10
years later were investigated by calculating Marglef Richness index (R), Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H), Simpson diversity index (P), and Pielou Evenness index (J). Results show that the values of R, H and P among different layers are listed in a decreasing order: the shrub layer > the arbor layer > the herb layer, all the three
indices values reach the maximum under medium selective cutting intensity after 10 years. The J value of the shrub layer shows a concave parabolic change with the increase in cutting intensity; it shows a linear increase
for the arbor layer, whereas the J value of the herb layer shows an opposite change pattern. The values of R at different cutting intensities had high significant difference, but other indices had not significant difference. The stability
of communities at different cutting intensities after 10 years is non-cutting> low selective cutting intensity > medium selective
cutting intensity > high selective cutting intensity > extra-high intensity > clear cutting. The stability of communities
at different cutting intensities after 10 years shows that the greater cutting intensities, the worse the stability is. 相似文献
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高压脉冲电场对石榴汁杀菌的研究 总被引:8,自引:3,他引:8
该文研究了高压脉冲电场(PEF)对石榴汁的杀菌效果和对石榴汁的理化性质的影响。结果表明,电场强度和处理时间是影响PEF杀菌效果的主要因素。在频率为100 Hz时,当电场强度达到35 kV/cm,处理时间达到200 μs时,石榴汁中接种的大肠杆菌、酵母菌和霉菌的数量分别下降3.62、2.34、0.74个lg值,处理过程中样品温度≤18℃,霉菌对PEF的抵抗力最强。当处理频率增加为333 Hz,电场强度为35 kV/cm,处理时间为200 μs时,霉菌数量的下降增加到1.82个lg值,此时处理温度(处理腔内温度)提高到50℃。经PEF处理的石榴汁的理化性质基本不发生改变。 相似文献
89.
H. C. F. Riley M. A. Bleken S. Abrahamsen A. K. Bergjord A. K. Bakken 《Soil & Tillage Research》2005,80(1-2):79-93
Tillage trials were established on a poorly drained silty loam overlying silty clay loam and on a freely drained sandy loam overlying medium sand, in 1988 and 1989, respectively. Autumn and spring ploughing and two ploughless systems were compared for 12–13 years, with three replications at each site. The ploughless treatments comprised deep versus shallow spring harrowing until 1999, and thereafter autumn plus spring harrowing versus spring harrowing only. In 6 years, treatments with and without fungal spraying of the cereal crops were included. In other years, fungicides were not used. Perennial weeds were controlled by herbicides as necessary, on nine occasions up until 2001. Average spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and spring oat (Avena sativa L.) yields were similar with spring ploughing as with autumn ploughing at both sites. In treatments without ploughing, average yields on the silty loam over clay were 93% of those obtained with ploughing, and on the sandy loam over sand they were 81%. Smaller and non-significant yield differences were found between spring harrowing versus deep spring harrowing, and between autumn plus spring harrowing versus spring harrowing only. Fungal spraying increased yields markedly at both sites (25%), but there was no significant interaction between this treatment and tillage system. Oat was compared with barley in 2 years, with oat performing better under ploughless tillage. At both sites increases in penetrometer resistance occurred in the topsoil of unploughed treatments. These were considered particularly limiting on the sandy loam. On the silty loam there was an increase in surface horizon porosity in the absence of ploughing, which was associated with an increase in topsoil organic matter content. On this soil there was also a tendency toward lower penetrometer resistance at >30 cm depth on autumn plus spring harrowed soil than on ploughed soil, indicating that the plough pan may have diminished. This was supported by observations of greater earthworm activity on unploughed soil. Soil chemical analyses revealed that mineral N and plant-available P and K accumulated in the upper horizon under ploughless tillage. The percentage yields obtained in individual years with autumn as opposed to spring ploughing, were positively correlated with air temperature during 0–4 weeks after planting on the silty loam, and with precipitation during 0–12 weeks after planting on the sandy loam. In the case of yields obtained with spring harrowing only, relative to spring ploughing, positive correlations were found with 0–4 week temperature on both soil types, suggesting that low early season temperatures may limit yields under ploughless tillage. 相似文献
90.